📘 Obter Dados no Power BI

📘 Getting Data in Power BI

Este arquivo reúne o conteúdo essencial sobre conexão e importação de dados, conforme os requisitos da certificação PL-300.

This file gathers the essential content about data connection and import, according to the requirements of the PL-300 certification.

🔹 Tipos de Conexão

🔹 Types of Connection

1. Arquivos

1. Files

  • Excel (.xlsx)
  • Excel (.xlsx)
  • CSV/TXT
  • CSV/TXT
  • JSON
  • JSON
  • XML
  • XML
  • Parquet
  • Parquet

2. Bancos de Dados

2. Databases

  • SQL Server
  • SQL Server
  • Oracle
  • Oracle
  • PostgreSQL
  • PostgreSQL
  • MySQL
  • MySQL
  • Azure SQL
  • Azure SQL
  • Fabric Lakehouse / Warehouse
  • Fabric Lakehouse / Warehouse

3. Serviços Online

3. Online Services

  • SharePoint
  • SharePoint
  • OneDrive
  • OneDrive
  • OData Feed
  • OData Feed
  • Microsoft Exchange
  • Microsoft Exchange
  • Dynamics 365
  • Dynamics 365
  • Dataverse
  • Dataverse

4. Outros

4. Others

  • Web scraping (Get data > Web)
  • Web scraping (Get data > Web)
  • APIs REST
  • REST APIs
  • Pastas ("Folder") para ingestão em lote
  • Folders ("Folder") for batch ingestion

🔹 Import x DirectQuery x Live Connection

🔹 Import vs DirectQuery vs Live Connection

Método Method Características Characteristics Quando usar When to use
Import Import Dados ficam no modelo Data remains in the model Melhor desempenho; datasets pequenos/médios Better performance; small/medium datasets
DirectQuery DirectQuery Dados permanecem na fonte Data remains at the source Dados muito grandes ou quase em tempo real Very large data or near real-time
Live Connection Live Connection Conexão com SSAS, Fabric ou Power BI semantic model Connection with SSAS, Fabric or Power BI semantic model Modelos centralizados, governança Centralized models, governance

🔹 Conectando a pastas (Folder)

🔹 Connecting to folders (Folder)

Recurso útil para carregar múltiplos arquivos com a mesma estrutura. Passos:

Useful feature to load multiple files with the same structure. Steps:

  1. Get Data → Folder
  2. Get Data → Folder
  3. Combine & Transform
  4. Combine & Transform
  5. Aplicar filtros sobre metadados se necessário
  6. Apply filters on metadata if necessary
  7. Limpar e padronizar colunas
  8. Clean and standardize columns

🔹 Conexão com Web/API

🔹 Connection with Web/API

No Power BI Desktop:

In Power BI Desktop:

  1. Get Data → Web
  2. Get Data → Web
  3. Informar URL
  4. Enter URL
  5. Lidar com autenticação (Anonymous, Basic, OAuth)
  6. Handle authentication (Anonymous, Basic, OAuth)
  7. Converter JSON → tabelas
  8. Convert JSON → tables

🔹 Boas Práticas ao Obter Dados

🔹 Best Practices when Getting Data

  • Sempre revisar tipos de dados
  • Always review data types
  • Evitar colunas desnecessárias
  • Avoid unnecessary columns
  • Centralizar parâmetros (URL, pastas, datas, tokens)
  • Centralize parameters (URL, folders, dates, tokens)
  • Utilizar Query folding sempre que possível
  • Use Query folding whenever possible
  • Documentar transformações importantes
  • Document important transformations

📚 Links Oficiais

📚 Official Links

  • Supported data sources:
    https://learn.microsoft.com/power-bi/connect-data/desktop-data-sources
  • Supported data sources:
    https://learn.microsoft.com/power-bi/connect-data/desktop-data-sources
  • DirectQuery:
    https://learn.microsoft.com/power-bi/connect-data/desktop-directquery-about
  • DirectQuery:
    https://learn.microsoft.com/power-bi/connect-data/desktop-directquery-about